| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Makah Food, Winter Use Food Purchased berries dried or canned for storage. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 288 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Montana Indian Food, Dried Food Berries sun dried and stored for future use. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 53 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Montana Indian Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 53 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Montana Indian Food, Ice Cream Berries used to make a frothy or foamy 'Indian Ice Cream.' Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 53 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Nanaimo Food, Dessert Berries crushed in water, beaten to make a froth and eaten as a favorite dessert. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Nisga Other, Cash Crop Berries used for trade. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 331 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Nitinaht Food, Ice Cream Berries whipped in small amounts of water and eaten as 'Indian ice cream' at large feasts. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 103 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Northwest Indian Food, Beverage Berries made into a foaming drink. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 17 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Nuxalkmc Other, Cash Crop Berries smoke dried and used for trade. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 236 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of branches used as a shampoo. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Hunting Medicine Leaves chewed and spit out by hunter to stop a wounded deer from running. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Ice Cream Berries used to make 'Indian ice cream.' Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Okanagan-Colville Other, Good Luck Charm Infusion of branches taken to bring good luck. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Okanagon Food, Beverage Fruits fermented to make an alcoholic drink. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Okanagon Food, Fruit Fruits eaten fresh by children. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Okanagon Food, Staple Berries used as a principle food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Oregon Indian Food, Beverage Berries used to make a foaming drink. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 20 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Oweekeno Food, Fruit Berries whipped, mixed with sugar and eaten. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 93 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Oweekeno Food, Winter Use Food Berries canned for future use. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 93 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Salish Drug, Cathartic Decoction of twigs taken as a mild physic. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 294 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Salish Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of twigs taken as a tonic for the stomach. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 294 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Salish Drug, Tonic Decoction of twigs taken as a tonic for the stomach. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 294 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Salish, Coast Food, Dessert Berries crushed in water, beaten to make a froth and eaten as a favorite dessert. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Sanpoil Food, Ice Cream Berries used to make a froth similar to ice cream. Hocking, George M., 1949, From Pokeroot to Penicillin, The Rocky Mountain Druggist, November 1949. Pages 12, 38., page 12 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Drug, Cathartic Decoction of plants taken by young men in training to purge themselves. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of berries taken for stomach. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Roots used for tuberculosis. Hocking, George M., 1949, From Pokeroot to Penicillin, The Rocky Mountain Druggist, November 1949. Pages 12, 38., page 12 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Drug, Unspecified Wood used for drug purposes. Hocking, George M., 1949, From Pokeroot to Penicillin, The Rocky Mountain Druggist, November 1949. Pages 12, 38., page 12 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Food, Beverage Canned berry juice used as a beverage during haying time. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Food, Dessert Berries canned with sugar, mixed with equal amount of water and whipped into a foam; whipped cream. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Food, Fruit Berries mixed with timber grass, dried, water added and beaten to a foam. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Food, Ice Cream Berries used to make a froth similar to ice cream. Hocking, George M., 1949, From Pokeroot to Penicillin, The Rocky Mountain Druggist, November 1949. Pages 12, 38., page 12 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Shuswap Other, Ceremonial Items Decoction or infusion of berries taken during purification rites. Hocking, George M., 1949, From Pokeroot to Penicillin, The Rocky Mountain Druggist, November 1949. Pages 12, 38., page 12 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Sioux Drug, Antidiarrheal Bark used for diarrhea. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Sioux Drug, Cathartic Root used as a cathartic. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Sioux Drug, Poison Fruit very acrid and considered poisonous. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Spokan Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of stems and leaves used as a wash for swellings. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of stems and leaves used as a wash for cuts. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of whole plant above the ground used as a wash for sores. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Panacea Decoction of berries taken for sickness. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of stems and leaves taken for tuberculosis. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Tanana, Upper Food, Fruit Berries mixed with sugar, fried and eaten. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Tanana, Upper Food, Fruit Raw berries whipped with sugar until frothy. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Thompson Drug, Cancer Treatment Decoction of branches and leaves taken in a one cupful dose for stomach cancer. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Thompson Drug, Cathartic Decoction of root or decoction of dried stem and leaves taken as a physic. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 472 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Berry juice used for acne and boils. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Thompson Drug, Disinfectant Decoction of stem and leaf taken by hunters and warriors in sweathouse to purify. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 505 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Thompson Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Berries eaten for stomach cancer. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209 |
| Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Russet Buffaloberry USDA SHCA |
Thompson Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Berry juice and whip taken in a one teaspoon dose for indigestion. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209 |